Bibliography · 2024
The World Organ Donation Collaborative
References
Bibliography
Primary data sources
1Domínguez-Gil B, Martín-Maldonado L, Coll E, et al. Organ donation and transplantation worldwide: GODT 2024 report. Transplantation. 2026;110(3):e657–e670. journals.lww.com/transplantjournal/fulltext
2Global Observatory on Donation and Transplantation (GODT). Donation and Transplantation Global Report 2024. December 2025. www.transplant-observatory.org
3Council of Europe / EDQM. Newsletter Transplant: International Figures on Donation and Transplantation 2025 (covers 2024 data). Strasbourg, 2025. www.edqm.eu/en/newsletter-transplant
4NHS Blood and Transplant. Organ and Tissue Donation and Transplantation Activity Report 2024/25. www.odt.nhs.uk/statistics-and-reports
5Organización Nacional de Trasplantes (ONT). Memoria de Actividad 2024. www.ont.es
6OPTN / UNOS. National transplant data dashboards 2024. optn.transplant.hrsa.gov
7Donate Life America. Organ, Eye and Tissue Donation Statistics 2024. donatelife.net
8Agence de la biomédecine. Bilan d'activité 2024. www.agence-biomedecine.fr
9Centro Nazionale Trapianti (CNT). Analytical Report 2024 — The Activities of the National Transplant Network. Italian Ministry of Health, October 2025. www.trapianti.salute.gov.it/sites/default
10DonateLife / Organ and Tissue Authority. 2024 Australian Donation and Transplantation Activity Report. www.donatelife.gov.au
Consent systems & donation culture
11Vidgren M, Delorme C, Oniscu GC. Challenges and opportunities in organ donation after circulatory death. J Intern Med. 2025;297(2):124–140. doi.org/10.1111/joim.20051
12Lomero M, Gardiner D, Coll E, et al. Donation after circulatory death today. Transpl Int. 2020;33(1):76–88. doi.org/10.1111/tri.13506
13Mihály S, Smudla A, Domínguez-Gil B, et al. Approaching the families of potential deceased organ donors. Transpl Int. 2023;36:11498. doi.org/10.3389/ti.2023.11498
14Streit S, Johnston-Webber C, Mah J, et al. Ten lessons from the Spanish model. Transpl Int. 2023;36:11009. doi.org/10.3389/ti.2023.11009
15Rees M, McLaughlin L, Paredes-Zapata D, et al. Comparing consent systems in Spain and England. Front Public Health. 2024. doi.org/10.3389/ti.2024.12533
16Molina-Pérez A, et al. Differential impact of opt-in/opt-out policies. BMJ Open. 2022;12:e061064. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057107
17Etheredge HR. Assessing global organ donation policies: opt-in vs opt-out. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021;14:1985–1998. doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S270234
18Tennankore KK, Klarenbach S, Goldberg A. Perspectives on opt-out vs opt-in legislation. Can J Kidney Health Dis. 2021;8. doi.org/10.1177/20543581211022151
19Dallacker M, Appelius L, Brandmaier AM, Morais AS, Hertwig R. Opt-out defaults do not increase organ donation rates. Public Health. 2024;236:436–440. doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2024.08.014
DCD methodology & end-of-life literature
20Thuong M, et al. New classification of donation after circulatory death donors. Transpl Int. 2016;29(7):749–759. doi.org/10.1111/tri.12776
21Domínguez-Gil B, et al. Expanding controlled donation after the circulatory determination of death. Intensive Care Med. 2021;47(3):265–281. doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-06341-7
22Bollen J, et al. Organ donation after euthanasia: a Dutch practical manual. Am J Transplant. 2016. doi.org/10.1111/ajt.13746
23Greer DM, et al. Determination of brain death/death by neurologic criteria: the World Brain Death Project. JAMA. 2020;324(11):1078–1097. doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.11586
24Schroder JN, Patel CB, DeVore AD, et al. Transplantation outcomes with donor hearts after circulatory death. N Engl J Med. 2023;388(23):2121–2131. doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2212438
Ethical frameworks & regional context
25Council of Europe / EDQM. Guide to the Quality and Safety of Organs for Transplantation, 9th edition. www.edqm.eu/en/organ-tissue-cell-transplantation-guides
26The Declaration of Istanbul on Organ Trafficking and Transplant Tourism, 2018 edition. www.declarationofistanbul.org
27Okereke IC, et al. Organ transplantation in Africa. Transplant Rep. 2025. doi.org/10.1016/j.tpr.2025.100122
28Loua A, Feroleto M, Sougou A, Kasilo OMJ, Nikiema JB, Fuller W, Kniazkov S, Tumusiime P. A review of policies and programmes for human organ and tissue donations and transplantations, WHO African Region. Bull World Health Organ. 2020;98(6):420–425. doi.org/10.2471/BLT.19.236992
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